引用本文:郭凯,马军,熊新,李祥,胡玉明.改进VMD及补偿距离的滚动轴承故障检测方法[J].控制理论与应用,2025,42(4):776~786.[点击复制]
GUO Kai,MA Jun,XIONG Xin,LI Xiang,HU Yu-ming.Improvement of VMD and compensation distance for rolling bearing fault detection methods[J].Control Theory & Applications,2025,42(4):776~786.[点击复制]
改进VMD及补偿距离的滚动轴承故障检测方法
Improvement of VMD and compensation distance for rolling bearing fault detection methods
摘要点击 3  全文点击 1  投稿时间：2023-03-11  修订日期：2025-03-08
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DOI编号  10.7641/CTA.2024.30124
  2025,42(4):776-786
中文关键词  变分模态分解  滚动轴承  故障检测  虚假波动修复  切比雪夫不等式
英文关键词  variational modal decomposition  rolling bearings  fault detection  spurious fluctuation repair  chebyshev’s inequality
基金项目  国家自然科学基金项目(62163020),云南省基础研究计划项目(202102AD080007,202202AD080005)资助.
作者单位E-mail
郭凯 昆明理工大学 信息工程与自动化学院 1378361693@qq.com 
马军* 昆明理工大学 信息工程与自动化学院 mjun@kust.edu.cn 
熊新 昆明理工大学 信息工程与自动化学院  
李祥 昆明理工大学 信息工程与自动化学院  
胡玉明 昆明理工大学 信息工程与自动化学院  
中文摘要
      针对滚动轴承早期故障点检测性能各异且无通用标准的问题,从构建性能退化曲线角度入手,提出了一种 改进变分模态分解(IVMD)及补偿距离的滚动轴承故障检测方法.首先,利用估计信噪比(eSNR)方法自适应确定变 分模态分解(VMD)的模态数K;其次,计算分解本征模态函数(IMF)的概率密度函数(PDF)分布,融合类间–类内距离 构建补偿距离(CD)退化评估指标;然后,基于线性回归方程和3σ原则构建滑动窗修复CD退化指标存在的虚假波动, 获得能准确表征滚动轴承退化过程的改进补偿距离评估指标(ICD);最后,通过切比雪夫不等式建立健康阈值与 ICD指标间的关系,实现滚动轴承的早期故障检测.通过两组实验对比分析表明:所提方法可以准确表征滚动轴承 的退化过程并可有效检测早期故障,为轴承早期故障诊断提供了一种新的解决方案.
英文摘要
      To address the problem of varying detection performance and lack of universal standards for early fault detection in rolling bearings, a method for early fault detection in rolling bearings based on an improved variational modal decomposition (IVMD) and compensation distance (CD) is proposed from the perspective of constructing performance degradation curves. Firstly, the number of modes K for variational mode decomposition (VMD) is adaptively determined using the estimated signal-to-noise ratio (eSNR) method. Secondly, the probability density function (PDF) distribution of the intrinsic mode function (IMF) obtained from the decomposition is calculated, and the CD degradation evaluation index is constructed by integrating the inter-class and intra-class distances. Then, a sliding window is used to repair the false f luctuations in the CD degradation index based on linear regression equations and the 3σ principle, resulting in a sensitive degradation index that accurately characterizes the rolling bearing degradation process improved CD (ICD). Finally, the Chebyshev inequality is used to establish the relationship between the healthy threshold and the ICD index, enabling early fault detection in rolling bearings. Comparative analysis of two sets of experiments shows that the proposed method can accurately characterize the degradation process of rolling bearings and effectively detect early faults, providing a new solution for early fault diagnosis of bearings.