逻辑控制器设计与离散事件系统监控理论

Synthesis of logical controllers and discrete-event systems supervisory control theory

中文关键词  可编程逻辑控制器  离散事件系统  现场可编程门阵列  监控理论

英文关键词  programmable logic controller  discrete event systems  field programmable gate array  supervisory control

中文摘要

      物联网等通信技术将越来越多的控制元件集成起来, 导致系统规模快速增长, 逻辑控制规范也日益复杂, 任何逻辑错误都可能造成重大事故和人身灾难, 再加上“维数灾”问题, 安全可靠的逻辑控制程序的设计和调试面 临巨大的计算复杂性难题. 而离散事件系统监控理论旨在研究复杂控制规范的设计和实现问题, 将连锁、互斥、字 符串语言等复杂控制逻辑描述为自动机或Petri网, 然后转换为可编程逻辑控制器或现场可编程门阵列上执行的程 序代码. 本文综述了现有的逻辑控制器的形式化设计方法, 主要涉及如何利用监控理论(自动机或Petri网)来缩短程 序开发周期、提高程序可重用性和确保程序可靠性和安全性等问题.

英文摘要

      More and more control elements are incorporated into a single system by the information technology such as internet of things. Consequently, the scale of a control system increases quickly, and the control specification becomes more and more complicated. Any logic mistake that violates a given control specification may lead to a serious industrial failure and even security issue. Besides, there is a“state space explosion”for discrete event systems. These make a challenge for designing and debugging programs running in programmable logic controllers (PLCs) or field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The supervisory control theory of discrete event systems is to implement a given complicated logic specification by formal methods. The specification such as interlock, sequence, mutual exclusion, and language is expressed by a Petri net or automata. It is in turn translated into codes that can be executed by a PLC or FPGA. This paper surveys these formal methods for synthesis of logical controller, which are to shorten the costed time for control programs, to ease the reuse of them, and to increase the safety and reliability of them.