基于Kullback-Leibler距离的闭环系统传感器微小故障诊断

Incipient fault diagnosis of sensors in the closed-loop system utilizing Kullback-Leibler divergence

中文关键词  故障诊断  微小故障  Kullback-Leibler距离  信号处理

英文关键词  Fault diagnosis  Incipient fault  Kullback-Leibler divergence  Signal processing

中文摘要

      在闭环控制系统中, 当故障幅值较小时, 由故障带来的影响会被控制量所掩盖. 因此, 闭环系统中的微小故障诊断实现更为复杂. 本文针对闭环系统中的传感器故障, 提出了基于Kullback-Leibler( KL )距离的微小故障在线检测与估计方法. 本文首先介绍了KL距离的定义及其在多变量故障检测中的应用, 然后提出了结合KL距离与快速移动窗口主成分分析( Moving window principal component analysis, MWPCA )的在线微小故障检测与估计模型. 在高斯分布的假设下, 利用系统输入输出残差构造MWPCA 的数据矩阵, 然后通过在线更新数据矩阵主成分的均值与方差实现KL距离的在线更新, 最终实现闭环系统中传感器的在线故障检测与估计. 仿真实验表明, 该方法能有效实现具有低故障-噪声比( Fault-to-noise ratio, FNR ) 特性的微小故障诊断.

英文摘要

      Due to the feedback control law in the closed-loop control system, changes caused by incipient faults could be covered especially when the fault amplitude is small. Accordingly, it is more complicated for the diagnosis of incipient faults in the closed-loop system. In this paper, a novel online fault detection and estimation method utilizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) is proposed for sensors in the closed-loop system. First, the definition of the KL divergence and corresponding applications in the monitoring of multivariable systems are introduced. Combined with the KLD and fast moving window principal component analysis (MWPCA) method, the model of online incipient detection and estimation is established. Under the hypothesis of Gaussian distribution, the data matrix is constituted by residuals of system inputs and outputs. Then the value of KLD is updated online through computing the mean and variance of score vectors of selected principal components. Last, utilizing the proposed detection and estimation model, the online incipient fault detection and estimation for sensors in the closed-loop system are obtained. In the simulation, it is shown that the proposed method can deal with the incipient fault with lower fault-to-noise ratio (FNR) more efficiently.